Other applications: blocking other mRNA sites and use as probes

Other applications: blocking other mRNA sites and use as probes

Morpholinos have been used to block miRNA activity^[23][24] and maturation.^[25] Fluorescein-tagged Morpholinos combined with fluorescein-specific antibodies can be used as probes for in-situ hybridization to miRNAs.^[26] Morpholinos can block ribozyme activity.^[27] U2 and U12 snRNP functions have been inhibited by Morpholinos.^[28] Morpholinos targeted to "slippery" mRNA sequences within protein coding regions can induce translational frameshifts.^[29] Morpholinos can block RNA editing.^[30] Morpholino activities against this variety of targets suggest that Morpholinos can be used as a general-purpose tool for blocking interactions of proteins or nucleic acids with mRNA.